# Most-cited Social Sciences papers of 2021, with free PDFs

The 25 most-cited Social Sciences research papers published in 2021, ranked by citations in OpenAlex, with their original abstracts and free PDFs where available.

1. [Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3208645186) · 6,148 citations
2. [A Survey on Bias and Fairness in Machine Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2969896603) · 5,469 citations · Free PDF
3. [Conceptual and design thinking for thematic analysis.](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3154463802) · 4,398 citations
4. [A Concise Introduction to Mixed Methods Research](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W651976676) · 4,043 citations
5. [One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1567172554) · 3,933 citations
6. [A worked example of Braun and Clarke’s approach to reflexive thematic analysis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3175998072) · 3,532 citations · Free PDF
7. [The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1489032534) · 3,247 citations
8. [A Literature Review on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Teaching and Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3124004752) · 2,404 citations
9. [Sociological Paradigms and Organisational Analysis: Elements of the Sociology of Corporate Life](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1979572581) · 2,220 citations
10. [Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA): Guidelines for research practice in Information Systems and marketing](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3128415798) · 2,213 citations
11. [Climate anxiety in children and young people and their beliefs about government responses to climate change: a global survey](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4200005759) · 2,160 citations
12. [COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3132264034) · 2,146 citations · Free PDF
13. [The echo chamber effect on social media](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3133423348) · 2,065 citations · Free PDF
14. [A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3160918102) · 1,998 citations · Free PDF
15. [Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, Resilience and Place Identity in Future Post-Pandemic Cities](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3120694366) · 1,947 citations · Free PDF
16. [Delphi methodology in healthcare research: How to decide its appropriateness](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3185797914) · 1,792 citations
17. [Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3143968054) · 1,560 citations · Free PDF
18. [Ethics of AI in Education: Towards a Community-Wide Framework](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3155263273) · 1,389 citations · Free PDF
19. [Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3119977046) · 1,299 citations · Free PDF
20. [The Psychology of Fake News](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3137986835) · 1,277 citations
21. [Social media influencer marketing: A systematic review, integrative framework and future research agenda](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3123158399) · 1,178 citations
22. [COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3182978015) · 1,116 citations · Free PDF
23. [A theory of migration: the aspirations-capabilities framework](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3134083113) · 1,108 citations · Free PDF
24. [Social Media Use for Health Purposes: Systematic Review](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3155976349) · 1,061 citations
25. [Students’ perception and preference for online education in India during COVID -19 pandemic](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3106861604) · 1,053 citations

Canonical page: https://nerdi.pages.dev/papers/social-sciences/most-cited-2021