# Most-cited Medicine papers of 2025, with free PDFs

The 25 most-cited Medicine research papers published in 2025, ranked by citations in OpenAlex, with their original abstracts and free PDFs where available.

1. [Cancer statistics, 2025](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406431707) · 3,046 citations
2. [Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990–2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408110765) · 1,105 citations · Free PDF
3. [2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406845258) · 1,074 citations
4. [2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4413812708) · 1,050 citations
5. [Phase 3 Trial of Semaglutide in Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatohepatitis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409963211) · 1,034 citations
6. [Toward expert-level medical question answering with large language models](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406152279) · 967 citations · Free PDF
7. [BindingDB Entry 50022536: Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by CP-358,774, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase.](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1779286308) · 845 citations
8. [2025 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4413972333) · 703 citations
9. [antiSMASH 8.0: extended gene cluster detection capabilities and analyses of chemistry, enzymology, and regulation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409781688) · 673 citations · Free PDF
10. [Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406782279) · 664 citations · Free PDF
11. [Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4414487033) · 662 citations · Free PDF
12. [2025 Focused Update of the 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4413804012) · 643 citations · Free PDF
13. [Projections for prevalence of Parkinson’s disease and its driving factors in 195 countries and territories to 2050: modelling study of Global Burden of Disease Study 2021](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408208852) · 608 citations
14. [Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4410277932) · 598 citations
15. [2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408017014) · 595 citations
16. [Advancements and limitations in traditional anti-cancer therapies: a comprehensive review of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409764905) · 558 citations · Free PDF
17. [2025 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409980681) · 468 citations
18. [Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990–2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408110706) · 457 citations · Free PDF
19. [2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of myocarditis and pericarditis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4413804311) · 429 citations
20. [Updated classification of epileptic seizures: Position paper of the International League Against Epilepsy](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409708349) · 418 citations · Free PDF
21. [Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease in adults, 1990–2023, and its attributable risk factors: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4416016244) · 411 citations · Free PDF
22. [Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of candidiasis: an initiative of the ECMM in cooperation with ISHAM and ASM](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407468688) · 408 citations · Free PDF
23. [Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4411407753) · 406 citations
24. [Oral Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-Risk Type 2 Diabetes](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408960945) · 397 citations
25. [IDF Diabetes Atlas 11th edition 2025: global prevalence and projections for 2050](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4413790625) · 396 citations

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