# Most-cited Energy papers of 2025, with free PDFs

The 25 most-cited Energy research papers published in 2025, ranked by citations in OpenAlex, with their original abstracts and free PDFs where available.

1. [Hydrogen as an alternative fuel: A comprehensive review of challenges and opportunities in production, storage, and transportation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406341213) · 718 citations
2. [Tantalum-stabilized ruthenium oxide electrocatalysts for industrial water electrolysis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406025291) · 497 citations
3. [The green hydrogen ambition and implementation gap](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406374649) · 476 citations · Free PDF
4. [Ultrastable supported oxygen evolution electrocatalyst formed by ripening-induced embedding](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407447955) · 382 citations
5. [Perovskite Type ABO 3 Oxides in Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: State of the Art and Future Prospects](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408370225) · 354 citations
6. [Advances in Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts via Direct Oxygen–Oxygen Radical Coupling Pathway](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406482848) · 335 citations
7. [Polyoxometalated metal-organic framework superstructure for stable water oxidation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409833855) · 319 citations
8. [MOF-Based Electrocatalysts: An Overview from the Perspective of Structural Design](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407699427) · 309 citations
9. [Cu-based S-scheme photocatalysts](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409119335) · 301 citations
10. [Synergistic Atomic Environment Optimization of Nickel–Iron Dual Sites by Co Doping and Cr Vacancy for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406164462) · 279 citations
11. [High-entropy alloy enables multi-path electron synergism and lattice oxygen activation for enhanced oxygen evolution activity](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4409246456) · 249 citations · Free PDF
12. [Advancing Efficiency in Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation: Strategies and Applications](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408256485) · 247 citations
13. [Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Reveals Spatially Resolved Charge‐Transfer Mechanism in CdS/BiOBr S‐scheme Heterojunction Photocatalyst](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4410481441) · 228 citations
14. [Best practices for in-situ and operando techniques within electrocatalytic systems](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4408489016) · 220 citations · Free PDF
15. [Interfacial Charge Transfer in ZnO/COF S‐Scheme Photocatalyst via Zn ─ N Bond](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4410216888) · 200 citations
16. [Cobalt-Doped Ru@RuO 2 Core–Shell Heterostructure for Efficient Acidic Water Oxidation in Low-Ru-Loading Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407940375) · 196 citations
17. [A Review of Visible-Light-Active Zinc Oxide Photocatalysts for Environmental Application](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406708049) · 194 citations · Free PDF
18. [MXene-Assisted NiFe sulfides for high-performance anion exchange membrane seawater electrolysis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407096647) · 193 citations · Free PDF
19. [Transfer dynamics of photo-generated carriers in catalysis](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4411134297) · 193 citations
20. [Engineering the Lewis Acidity of Fe Single-Atom Sites via Atomic-Level Tuning of Spatial Coordination Configuration for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4407615642) · 191 citations
21. [Yttrium-doped NiMo-MoO2 heterostructure electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from alkaline seawater](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406494444) · 185 citations · Free PDF
22. [Interfacially engineered metal oxide nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and energy applications](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4410301657) · 185 citations
23. [Influence of π–π interactions on organic photocatalytic materials and their performance](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406781230) · 184 citations
24. [Acid-humidified CO 2 gas input for stable electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4411299195) · 183 citations
25. [Solar-driven interfacial evaporation technologies for food, energy and water](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W4406382567) · 182 citations · Free PDF

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