# Most-cited Computer Science papers of 2019, with free PDFs

The 25 most-cited Computer Science research papers published in 2019, ranked by citations in OpenAlex, with their original abstracts and free PDFs where available.

1. [Welcome to the Tidyverse](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2990427812) · 21,768 citations · Free PDF
2. [A survey on Image Data Augmentation for Deep Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2954996726) · 13,098 citations · Free PDF
3. [Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2963420686) · 12,651 citations
4. [Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2982169647) · 7,742 citations · Free PDF
5. [Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators?](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2981863007) · 6,936 citations · Free PDF
6. [Federated Machine Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2912213068) · 6,324 citations
7. [A Review of Recurrent Neural Networks: LSTM Cells and Network Architectures](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2944851425) · 5,628 citations
8. [Object Detection With Deep Learning: A Review](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2884367402) · 5,472 citations
9. [PsychoPy2: Experiments in behavior made easy](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2913606428) · 5,360 citations · Free PDF
10. [OpenPose: Realtime Multi-Person 2D Pose Estimation Using Part Affinity Fields](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2962730651) · 5,234 citations
11. [A survey of methods for explaining black box models](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2962772482) · 5,076 citations
12. [SwissTargetPrediction: updated data and new features for efficient prediction of protein targets of small molecules](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2946412700) · 4,549 citations
13. [Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2969625533) · 4,537 citations
14. [UNet++: Redesigning Skip Connections to Exploit Multiscale Features in Image Segmentation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2996290406) · 4,409 citations · Free PDF
15. [Billion-Scale Similarity Search with GPUs](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2593864460) · 3,898 citations · Free PDF
16. [A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2995065029) · 3,524 citations
17. [Res2Net: A New Multi-Scale Backbone Architecture](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2928165649) · 3,449 citations · Free PDF
18. [The Generic Mapping Tools Version 6](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2972175553) · 3,216 citations
19. [Continual lifelong learning with neural networks: A review](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2788388592) · 3,145 citations · Free PDF
20. [Survey on deep learning with class imbalance](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2936503027) · 3,005 citations · Free PDF
21. [Deep Learning for Generic Object Detection: A Survey](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2988916019) · 2,823 citations · Free PDF
22. [How artificial intelligence will change the future of marketing](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2979906316) · 2,788 citations · Free PDF
23. [Regularized Evolution for Image Classifier Architecture Search](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2965658867) · 2,697 citations
24. [A survey on semi-supervised learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2984353870) · 2,661 citations · Free PDF
25. [A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence: On the Past, Present, and Future of Artificial Intelligence](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2963849010) · 2,644 citations

Canonical page: https://nerdi.pages.dev/papers/computer-science/most-cited-2019