# Most-cited Computer Science papers of 2016, with free PDFs

The 25 most-cited Computer Science research papers published in 2016, ranked by citations in OpenAlex, with their original abstracts and free PDFs where available.

1. [Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W639708223) · 55,735 citations
2. [SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W3106250896) · 30,173 citations
3. [Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2395611524) · 11,201 citations
4. [Edge Computing: Vision and Challenges](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2416799949) · 8,648 citations
5. [LSTM: A Search Space Odyssey](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1689711448) · 7,005 citations · Free PDF
6. [Deep Reinforcement Learning with Double Q-Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2746553466) · 6,330 citations
7. [A survey of transfer learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2395579298) · 6,275 citations · Free PDF
8. [TensorFlow: a system for large-scale machine learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2402144811) · 6,195 citations
9. [Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Computer-Aided Detection: CNN Architectures, Dataset Characteristics and Transfer Learning](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2253429366) · 5,820 citations · Free PDF
10. [Least-Squares Means: The R Package lsmeans](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2254509181) · 5,769 citations
11. [Joint Face Detection and Alignment Using Multitask Cascaded Convolutional Networks](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2341528187) · 5,295 citations · Free PDF
12. [Blockchains and Smart Contracts for the Internet of Things](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2392113277) · 4,569 citations
13. [Efficient multi-scale 3D CNN with fully connected CRF for accurate brain lesion segmentation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2301358467) · 3,559 citations · Free PDF
14. [DehazeNet: An End-to-End System for Single Image Haze Removal](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2256362396) · 3,391 citations · Free PDF
15. [Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Analysis: Full Training or Fine Tuning?](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2346062110) · 3,295 citations · Free PDF
16. [An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Image-Based Sequence Recognition and Its Application to Scene Text Recognition](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2194187530) · 3,245 citations
17. [Eyeriss: An Energy-Efficient Reconfigurable Accelerator for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2289252105) · 3,245 citations
18. [LIME: Low-Light Image Enhancement via Illumination Map Estimation](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2566376500) · 3,014 citations
19. [mclust 5: Clustering, Classification and Density Estimation Using Gaussian Finite Mixture Models](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2519132385) · 2,929 citations
20. [Deep Convolutional and LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks for Multimodal Wearable Activity Recognition](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2270470215) · 2,770 citations · Free PDF
21. [Loss Functions for Image Restoration With Neural Networks](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2562637781) · 2,700 citations
22. [A Survey of Motion Planning and Control Techniques for Self-Driving Urban Vehicles](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2343568200) · 2,633 citations
23. [Building machines that learn and think like people](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2328078142) · 2,567 citations · Free PDF
24. [A BOILED‐Egg To Predict Gastrointestinal Absorption and Brain Penetration of Small Molecules](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W2396930286) · 2,562 citations
25. [A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Style](https://nerdi.pages.dev/paper/W1924619199) · 2,518 citations · Free PDF

Canonical page: https://nerdi.pages.dev/papers/computer-science/most-cited-2016