“Power optimizing of PV module via zeta converter-based submodule current compensator” (2026), by Rui Liu et al. Energy research paper. Original abstract below, unchanged. A free PDF is available.

Power optimizing of PV module via zeta converter-based submodule current compensator

Rui Liu, DaiBin Tang, Yean Lu et al. · October 30, 2026 · Energy

Abstract

This paper investigates the multimodal P–V characteristics of novel symmetric photovoltaic (PV) modules subjected to partial shading conditions arising from sunrise, sunset, and dynamic shadow propagation, which impede maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and induce substantial power yield degradation. To address these challenges, an autonomous current compensation strategy employing a zeta converter is proposed for shaded PV submodules. The methodology was modeled and validated through simulation using the advanced power-electronics design platform PLECS. Simulation and verification outcomes confirm the approach’s viability and superior conversion efficiency. When integrated with a conventional perturb-and-observe algorithm and a buck converter-based MPPT architecture, the current compensation scheme attains an average overall power-generation efficiency of 97.78%. The proposed solution concurrently reduces design complexity and enhances control flexibility.

Free PDF DOI: 10.1186/s40807-026-00281-4