# Carbon Taxes, Path Dependency, and Directed Technical Change: Evidence from the Auto Industry

“Carbon Taxes, Path Dependency, and Directed Technical Change: Evidence from the Auto Industry” (2016), by Philippe Aghion et al. Economics research paper. Original abstract below, unchanged. A free PDF is available.

- Authors: Philippe Aghion, Antoine Dechezleprêtre, David Hémous, Ralf Martin, John Michael Van Reenen
- Published: January 5, 2016
- Field: Economics
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/684581
- Free PDF: https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstreams/7312037d-f187-6bd4-e053-0100007fdf3b/download

## Abstract

Can directed technical change be used to combat climate change? We construct new firm-level panel data on auto industry innovation distinguishing between “dirty” (internal combustion engine) and “clean” (e.g., electric, hybrid, and hydrogen) patents across 80 countries over several decades. We show that firms tend to innovate more in clean (and less in dirty) technologies when they face higher tax-inclusive fuel prices. Furthermore, there is path dependence in the type of innovation (clean/dirty) both from aggregate spillovers and from the firm’s own innovation history. We simulate the increases in carbon taxes needed to allow clean technologies to overtake dirty technologies.

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