# UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection

“UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection” (2018), by Leland McInnes et al. Computer Science research paper. Original abstract below, unchanged. A free PDF is available.

- Authors: Leland McInnes, John Healy, Nathaniel Saul, Lukas Großberger
- Published: September 2, 2018
- Field: Computer Science
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.00861
- Free PDF: https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.00861.pdf

## Abstract

Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) is a dimension reduction technique that can be used for visualisation similarly to t-SNE, but also for general non-linear dimension reduction. UMAP has a rigorous mathematical foundation, but is simple to use, with a scikit-learn compatible API. UMAP is among the fastest manifold learning implementations available -significantly faster than most t-SNE implementations.

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