# Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy

“Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy” (2016), by Nancy M. P. Bocken et al. Business and Management research paper. Original abstract below, unchanged. No free PDF was found.

- Authors: Nancy M. P. Bocken, Ingrid de Pauw, Conny A. Bakker, B. van der Grinten
- Published: April 26, 2016
- Field: Business and Management
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124
- Source: https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124

## Abstract

The transition within business from a linear to a circular economy brings with it a range of practical challenges for companies. The following question is addressed: What are the product design and business model strategies for companies that want to move to a circular economy model? This paper develops a framework of strategies to guide designers and business strategists in the move from a linear to a circular economy. Building on Stahel, the terminology of slowing, closing, and narrowing resource loops is introduced. A list of product design strategies, business model strategies, and examples for key decision-makers in businesses is introduced, to facilitate the move to a circular economy. This framework also opens up a future research agenda for the circular economy.

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